ФЕНОМЕН ФАКТЧЕКИНГА В ПАРАДИГМЕ СИНЕРГЕТИКИ
Аннотация
Проведенное исследование фактчекинга в парадигме синергетики выявляет характеристики, адекватные расширяющейся эмпирической базе и представляющие свойства самоорганизующихся систем – нелинейность, открытость, диссипативность и дискретность. Производится корректировка терминологического аппарата и определяются границы понятий «фактоид» и «фактчекинг». Актуализируется понимание традиционных обязанностей журналиста по проверке достоверности информации и выработке у читателей медиаобразовательных навыков и умений.
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Литература
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2. Beloedova, A. V. (2015). O faktakh i faktoidakh v sovremennykh zhurnalistskikh tekstakh [About facts and factoids in modern journalistic texts]. Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific Bulletin of BelSU. Series: Humanities.], 24 (221), vol. 28, pp. 89–94 (in Russ).
3. Vartanova, E. L. (2019). Teoriya media: otechestvennyy diskurs [Media theory: domestic discourse]. Moscow: Faculty of Journalism, Moscow State University; Publishing house of Moscow University, 224 p. (in Russ).
4. Zvereva, E. A. (2011). Zhurnalistika epokhi postmoderna: vektory issledovaniya [Postmodern journalism: research vectors]. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie yavleniya i protsessy [Socio-economic phenomena and processes], 10, pp. 265–272 (in Russ).
5. Il'chenko, S. N. (2019). Kak nas obmanyvayut SMI. Manipulyatsiya informatsiey [How the media deceive us. Manipulation of information]. St. Petersburg: Peter, 320 p. (in Russ).
6. Karasik, V. I. (2017). Faktoidy kak lingvokul'turnoe yavlenie [Factoids as a linguocultural phenomenon]. Politicheskaya lingvistika [Political linguistics], 3 (63), pp. 21–30 (in Russ).
7. Karyakina, K. A. (2010). Aktual'nye formy i modeli novykh media: ot ponimaniya auditorii k sozdaniyu kontenta [Actual forms and models of new media: from understanding the audience to creating content]. Mediaskop [Mediascope], available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/актуальные-формы-и-модели-новых-медиа-от-понимания-аудитории-к-созданию-контента (accessed 5.11.2020) (in Russ.).
8. Kornev, M. S. (2015). Faktcheking: 5 nadezhnykh sposobov proverit' informatsiyu [Fact checking: 5 reliable ways to check information]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], 5, pp. 54–56 (in Russ).
9. Korolev, E. A. (2019). Mediaforum «Sovremennaya zhurnalistika i faktcheking» kak povod zadumat'sya o nastoyashchem i budushchem professii [Media forum «Contemporary journalism and fact-checking» as a reason to think about the present and future of the profession]. Vek informatsii [Information age], 4, vol. 7, pp. 85–92 (in Russ).
10. Lashchuk, O. R. (2004). Redaktirovanie informatsionnykh soobshcheniy [Editing information messages]. Moscow: Aspect Press, available at: http://evartist.narod.ru/text3/47.htm#з_05 (accessed 13.07.2020) (in Russ.).
11. Luman, N. (2005). Real'nost' massmedia [Reality of mass media]. Moscow: Praxis, 256 p. (in Russ).
12. Luchinskiy, Yu. (2005). N'yus-ombudsmeny: iz istorii samoregulirovaniya SMI [News Ombudsmen: from the history of media self-regulation]. Aktual'nye problemy samoregulirovaniya SMI. Seriya «Zhurnalistika i pravo» [Actual problems of media self-regulation. Series «Journalism and Law»], 54, pp. 196–201 (in Russ).
13. Mamontova, O. I. (2011). Sovet po presse kak institut samoregulirovaniya SMI v Rossii i za rubezhom: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata filologicheskikh nauk [Press Council as an institution of media self-regulation in Russia and abroad: thesis abstract for the degree of candidate of philological sciences]. Moskva, 23 p. (in Russ).
14. Mel'nik, G. S. (2016). Smyslovye iskazheniya v tekstakh internet-izdaniya: opyt ekspertnogo analiza [Semantic distortions in the texts of the Internet edition: the experience of expert analysis]. Vek informatsii [Information age], 2, pp. 53–57 (in Russ).
15. Mil'chin, A. E. (2005). Metodika redaktirovaniya teksta [Text editing technique]. Moscow: Logos, 524 p. (in Russ).
16. Mikhaylov, S. A. (2002). Sovremennaya zarubezhnaya zhurnalistika: pravila i paradoksy [Modern foreign journalism: rules and paradoxes]. SPb.: Publishing house of Mikhailov V. A., 446 p. (in Russ).
17. Meys, I. (2005). Rabota nad oshibkami. Opyt ombudsmena gazety «Gardian» [Work on errors. The experience of the Guardian Ombudsman]. Moscow: Institute of Information Law Problems, 336 p. (in Russ).
18. Nakoryakova, K. M. (2010). Spravochnik po literaturnomu redaktirovaniyu dlya rabotnikov sredstv massovoy informatsii [A guide to literary editing for media workers]. Moscow: Flinta: Science, 200 p. (in Russ).
19. Paran'ko, S. (2016). Instrumentariy i navyki zhurnalista [Toolkit and skills of a journalist]. Kak novye media izmenili zhurnalistiku. 2012–2016 [How new media have changed journalism. 2012–2016] Balmaeva S., Lukina M. (Ed). Yekaterinburg: Humanitarian University, pp. 6–30 (in Russ).
20. Prigozhin, I. & Stengers, I. (1986). Poryadok iz khaosa: Novyy dialog cheloveka s prirodoy [Order Out of Chaos: A New Dialogue between Man and Nature]. Moscow: Progress, 432 p. (in Russ).
21. Prokhorov, E. P. (2009). Idei sinergetiki i metodologiya zhurnalistiki [Synergetic Ideas and Methodology of Journalism]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Zhurnalistika [Moscow University Bulletin. Series: Journalism], 2, pp. 13–30 (in Russ).
22. Raspopova, S. (2019). Kak rossiyskie SMI boryutsya s feykami [How Russian media fight fakes]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], available at: https://jrnlst.ru/fake-fight (accessed 15.05.2020) (in Russ.).
23. Svitich, L. G. (2000). Fenomen zhurnalizma [The phenomenon of journalism]. Moscow: Faculty of Journalism, Moscow State University, 252 p. (in Russ).
24. Sokolova, D. V. (2018). Faktcheking i verifikatsiya informatsii v rossiyskikh SMI: rezul'taty oprosa [Fact-checking and information verification in the Russian media: survey results]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Zhurnalistika [Moscow University Bulletin. Series: Journalism], 4, pp. 3–25 (in Russ).
25. Sternin, I. A., Shesterina, A. M. (2020). Markery feyka v mediatekstakh [Fake markers in media texts]. Voronezh: LLC «Rhythm», 36 p. (in Russ).
26. Sukhodolov, A. P., Bychkova, A. M. (2017). «Feykovye novosti» kak fenomen sovremennogo mediaprostranstva: ponyatie, vidy, naznachenie, mery protivodeystviya [«Fake News» as a Phenomenon of Modern Media Space: Concept, Types, Purpose, Countermeasures]. Voprosy teorii i praktiki zhurnalistiki [Questions of Theory and Practice of Journalism], 2, vol. 6, pp. 143–169 (in Russ).
27. Toffler, А. (1986). Nauka i izmenenie (predislovie) [Science and Change (Foreword)]. Poryadok iz khaosa: Novyy dialog cheloveka s prirodoy [Order Out of Chaos: A New Dialogue between Man and Nature]. Moscow: Progress, pp. 11–33 (in Russ).
28. Khaken, G. (2003). Tayny prirody. Sinergetika: uchenie o vzaimodeystvii [Secrets of nature. Synergetics: the study of interaction]. Moscow-Izhevsk: Institute for Computer Research, 320 p. (in Russ).
29. Khomyakov, M. (2018). Aleksey Kovalev, «Koda»: «Feyki – eto kak kokain» [Alexey Kovalev, «Koda»: «Fakes are like cocaine»]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], available at: https://jrnlst.ru/fake (accessed 17.01.2021) (in Russ.).
30. Shomova, S. A. (2016). Novye media i «novaya etika»: k voprosu o tsennostnykh transformatsiyakh zhurnalistskoy professii [New media and «new ethics»: on the issue of value transformations of the journalistic profession]. MediaАl'manakh [MediaАlmanah], 4, pp. 12–20 (in Russ).
31. Adair, B., Stencel, M. (2016). How We Identify Fact-Checkers. The Reporters’ Lab., available at: https://reporterslab.org/how-we-identify-fact-checkers/ (accessed 28.11.2020).
32. Stencel, M. (2019). Number of fact-checking outlets surges to 188 in more than 60 countries. The Reporters’ Lab., available at: https://reporterslab.org/number-of-fact-checking-outlets-surges-to-188-in-more-than-60-countries/ (accessed 22.11.2020).
2. Beloedova, A. V. (2015). O faktakh i faktoidakh v sovremennykh zhurnalistskikh tekstakh [About facts and factoids in modern journalistic texts]. Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific Bulletin of BelSU. Series: Humanities.], 24 (221), vol. 28, pp. 89–94 (in Russ).
3. Vartanova, E. L. (2019). Teoriya media: otechestvennyy diskurs [Media theory: domestic discourse]. Moscow: Faculty of Journalism, Moscow State University; Publishing house of Moscow University, 224 p. (in Russ).
4. Zvereva, E. A. (2011). Zhurnalistika epokhi postmoderna: vektory issledovaniya [Postmodern journalism: research vectors]. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie yavleniya i protsessy [Socio-economic phenomena and processes], 10, pp. 265–272 (in Russ).
5. Il'chenko, S. N. (2019). Kak nas obmanyvayut SMI. Manipulyatsiya informatsiey [How the media deceive us. Manipulation of information]. St. Petersburg: Peter, 320 p. (in Russ).
6. Karasik, V. I. (2017). Faktoidy kak lingvokul'turnoe yavlenie [Factoids as a linguocultural phenomenon]. Politicheskaya lingvistika [Political linguistics], 3 (63), pp. 21–30 (in Russ).
7. Karyakina, K. A. (2010). Aktual'nye formy i modeli novykh media: ot ponimaniya auditorii k sozdaniyu kontenta [Actual forms and models of new media: from understanding the audience to creating content]. Mediaskop [Mediascope], available at: http://www.mediascope.ru/актуальные-формы-и-модели-новых-медиа-от-понимания-аудитории-к-созданию-контента (accessed 5.11.2020) (in Russ.).
8. Kornev, M. S. (2015). Faktcheking: 5 nadezhnykh sposobov proverit' informatsiyu [Fact checking: 5 reliable ways to check information]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], 5, pp. 54–56 (in Russ).
9. Korolev, E. A. (2019). Mediaforum «Sovremennaya zhurnalistika i faktcheking» kak povod zadumat'sya o nastoyashchem i budushchem professii [Media forum «Contemporary journalism and fact-checking» as a reason to think about the present and future of the profession]. Vek informatsii [Information age], 4, vol. 7, pp. 85–92 (in Russ).
10. Lashchuk, O. R. (2004). Redaktirovanie informatsionnykh soobshcheniy [Editing information messages]. Moscow: Aspect Press, available at: http://evartist.narod.ru/text3/47.htm#з_05 (accessed 13.07.2020) (in Russ.).
11. Luman, N. (2005). Real'nost' massmedia [Reality of mass media]. Moscow: Praxis, 256 p. (in Russ).
12. Luchinskiy, Yu. (2005). N'yus-ombudsmeny: iz istorii samoregulirovaniya SMI [News Ombudsmen: from the history of media self-regulation]. Aktual'nye problemy samoregulirovaniya SMI. Seriya «Zhurnalistika i pravo» [Actual problems of media self-regulation. Series «Journalism and Law»], 54, pp. 196–201 (in Russ).
13. Mamontova, O. I. (2011). Sovet po presse kak institut samoregulirovaniya SMI v Rossii i za rubezhom: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoy stepeni kandidata filologicheskikh nauk [Press Council as an institution of media self-regulation in Russia and abroad: thesis abstract for the degree of candidate of philological sciences]. Moskva, 23 p. (in Russ).
14. Mel'nik, G. S. (2016). Smyslovye iskazheniya v tekstakh internet-izdaniya: opyt ekspertnogo analiza [Semantic distortions in the texts of the Internet edition: the experience of expert analysis]. Vek informatsii [Information age], 2, pp. 53–57 (in Russ).
15. Mil'chin, A. E. (2005). Metodika redaktirovaniya teksta [Text editing technique]. Moscow: Logos, 524 p. (in Russ).
16. Mikhaylov, S. A. (2002). Sovremennaya zarubezhnaya zhurnalistika: pravila i paradoksy [Modern foreign journalism: rules and paradoxes]. SPb.: Publishing house of Mikhailov V. A., 446 p. (in Russ).
17. Meys, I. (2005). Rabota nad oshibkami. Opyt ombudsmena gazety «Gardian» [Work on errors. The experience of the Guardian Ombudsman]. Moscow: Institute of Information Law Problems, 336 p. (in Russ).
18. Nakoryakova, K. M. (2010). Spravochnik po literaturnomu redaktirovaniyu dlya rabotnikov sredstv massovoy informatsii [A guide to literary editing for media workers]. Moscow: Flinta: Science, 200 p. (in Russ).
19. Paran'ko, S. (2016). Instrumentariy i navyki zhurnalista [Toolkit and skills of a journalist]. Kak novye media izmenili zhurnalistiku. 2012–2016 [How new media have changed journalism. 2012–2016] Balmaeva S., Lukina M. (Ed). Yekaterinburg: Humanitarian University, pp. 6–30 (in Russ).
20. Prigozhin, I. & Stengers, I. (1986). Poryadok iz khaosa: Novyy dialog cheloveka s prirodoy [Order Out of Chaos: A New Dialogue between Man and Nature]. Moscow: Progress, 432 p. (in Russ).
21. Prokhorov, E. P. (2009). Idei sinergetiki i metodologiya zhurnalistiki [Synergetic Ideas and Methodology of Journalism]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Zhurnalistika [Moscow University Bulletin. Series: Journalism], 2, pp. 13–30 (in Russ).
22. Raspopova, S. (2019). Kak rossiyskie SMI boryutsya s feykami [How Russian media fight fakes]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], available at: https://jrnlst.ru/fake-fight (accessed 15.05.2020) (in Russ.).
23. Svitich, L. G. (2000). Fenomen zhurnalizma [The phenomenon of journalism]. Moscow: Faculty of Journalism, Moscow State University, 252 p. (in Russ).
24. Sokolova, D. V. (2018). Faktcheking i verifikatsiya informatsii v rossiyskikh SMI: rezul'taty oprosa [Fact-checking and information verification in the Russian media: survey results]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Zhurnalistika [Moscow University Bulletin. Series: Journalism], 4, pp. 3–25 (in Russ).
25. Sternin, I. A., Shesterina, A. M. (2020). Markery feyka v mediatekstakh [Fake markers in media texts]. Voronezh: LLC «Rhythm», 36 p. (in Russ).
26. Sukhodolov, A. P., Bychkova, A. M. (2017). «Feykovye novosti» kak fenomen sovremennogo mediaprostranstva: ponyatie, vidy, naznachenie, mery protivodeystviya [«Fake News» as a Phenomenon of Modern Media Space: Concept, Types, Purpose, Countermeasures]. Voprosy teorii i praktiki zhurnalistiki [Questions of Theory and Practice of Journalism], 2, vol. 6, pp. 143–169 (in Russ).
27. Toffler, А. (1986). Nauka i izmenenie (predislovie) [Science and Change (Foreword)]. Poryadok iz khaosa: Novyy dialog cheloveka s prirodoy [Order Out of Chaos: A New Dialogue between Man and Nature]. Moscow: Progress, pp. 11–33 (in Russ).
28. Khaken, G. (2003). Tayny prirody. Sinergetika: uchenie o vzaimodeystvii [Secrets of nature. Synergetics: the study of interaction]. Moscow-Izhevsk: Institute for Computer Research, 320 p. (in Russ).
29. Khomyakov, M. (2018). Aleksey Kovalev, «Koda»: «Feyki – eto kak kokain» [Alexey Kovalev, «Koda»: «Fakes are like cocaine»]. Zhurnalist [Journalist], available at: https://jrnlst.ru/fake (accessed 17.01.2021) (in Russ.).
30. Shomova, S. A. (2016). Novye media i «novaya etika»: k voprosu o tsennostnykh transformatsiyakh zhurnalistskoy professii [New media and «new ethics»: on the issue of value transformations of the journalistic profession]. MediaАl'manakh [MediaАlmanah], 4, pp. 12–20 (in Russ).
31. Adair, B., Stencel, M. (2016). How We Identify Fact-Checkers. The Reporters’ Lab., available at: https://reporterslab.org/how-we-identify-fact-checkers/ (accessed 28.11.2020).
32. Stencel, M. (2019). Number of fact-checking outlets surges to 188 in more than 60 countries. The Reporters’ Lab., available at: https://reporterslab.org/number-of-fact-checking-outlets-surges-to-188-in-more-than-60-countries/ (accessed 22.11.2020).
Опубликована
2021-02-10
Как цитировать
ZVEREVA, Ekaterina Anatolyevna.
ФЕНОМЕН ФАКТЧЕКИНГА В ПАРАДИГМЕ СИНЕРГЕТИКИ.
Знак: проблемное поле медиаобразования, [S.l.], n. 1 (39), p. 68–80, feb. 2021.
ISSN 2949-3641.
Доступно на: <https://journals.csu.ru/index.php/znak/article/view/446>. Дата доступа: 05 feb. 2025
Раздел
ТЕОРИЯ ЖУРНАЛИСТИКИ И ВОПРОСЫ МЕТОДОВ МЕДИАИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ
Ключевые слова
фактчекинг, проверка информации, достоверность, фейки, синергетика, диссипативность, дискретность, открытость, нелинейность
