ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ КОММЕРЦИИ В МАЛЫХ И СРЕДНИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ РАЗВИВАЮЩИХСЯ СТРАН
Аннотация
Динамичное распространение электронной коммерции изменило глобальный бизнес-ландшафт и открыло множество возможностей для расширения торговли и экономик стран. Малые и средние предприятия (МСП) в развивающихся странах по-прежнему внедряют и адаптируют электронную коммерцию медленными темпами, несмотря на потенциальные преимущества. Целью настоящего исследования является систематизация существующих знаний для выявления ключевых тем, пробелов и формирования целостной системы факторов, влияющих на возможности ускорения цифровой трансформации МСП в развивающихся странах. Используя методологию систематического обзора литературы (PRISMA), авторы проанализировали массив публикаций в базах данных Scopus, Science Direct, Springer Link, Google Scholar и др., отобрав для финального анализа 21 рецензируемое исследование (2010–2024 гг.) из первоначальных 10 000 публикаций. Результаты исследования выявили пять основных факторов, влияющих на внедрение электронной коммерции в развивающихся странах: демографические, технологические, организационные, экологические и региональные факторы. В этом исследовании обобщаются текущие перспективы и актуальные темы для исследователей и практиков, касающиеся практических ориентиров и барьеров внедрения электронной коммерции.
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Литература
1. Ahmad SZ, Abu Bakar AR, Faziharudean TM, Mohamad Zaki KA. An empirical study of factors affecting e-commerce adoption among small- and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country: evidence from Malaysia. Information Technology for Development. 2015;21(4):555-572. DOI: 10.1080/02681102.2014.899961.
2. Aikaeli J, Mbellenge CR. The causal relationship between financial development and economic performance in Tanzania. African Journal of Economic Review. 2016;4(1):170-184. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2706034.
3. Ajmal F. Factors influencing electronic commerce adoption in Malaysian small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Doctoral dissertation. Malaysia, University of Malaya; 2017.
4. Ajmal F, Yasin N. Model for electronic commerce adoption for small and medium sized enterprises. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. 2012;3(2):90-93.
5. Aker JC, Mbiti IM. Mobile phones and economic development in Africa. The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2010;24(3):207-232. DOI: 10.1257/jep.24.3.207.
6. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 2006;3(2):77-101. DOI: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
7. Chauhan S. A meta-analysis of the impact of technology on learning effectiveness of elementary students. Computers & Education. 2017;105:14-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.11.005.
8. Easterby-Smith BM, Thorpe R, Lowe A. Management research: an introduction. London: Sage Publications; 2010. DOI: 10.5565/rev/qp.209.
9. Emon MMH, Nahid MH. Factors affecting sustainable e-commerce adoption: empirical evidence from Bangladeshi SMEs. Corporate Sustainable Management Journal. 2023;1(1):32-36. DOI: 10.26480/csmj.01.2023.32.36.
10. Faloye DO. The adoption of e-commerce in small businesses: empirical evidence from retail sector in Nigeria. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research. 2014;8(2):54-64.
11. Ghobakhloo M, Arias-Aranda D, Benitez-Amado J. Adoption of e-commerce applications in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2011;111(8):1238-1269. DOI: 10.1108/02635571111170785.
12. Graham M, Hjorth I, Lehdonvirta V. Digital labour and development: impacts of global digital labour platforms and the gig economy on worker livelihoods. Transfer. 2017;23(2):135-162. DOI: 10.1177/1024258916687250.
13. Hajli N, Sims J, Shanmugam M. A practical model for e-commerce adoption in Iran. Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 2014;27(6):719-730. DOI: 10.1108/JEIM-09-2013-0070.
14. Hamad H, Elbeltagi I, El-Gohary H. An empirical investigation of business-to-business e-commerce adoption and its impact on SMEs competitive advantage: the case of Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. Strategic Change. 2018;27(3):209-229. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2196.
15. Hauge O, Ayala C, Conradi R. Adoption of open source software in software intensive organizations — a systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology. 2010;52(11):1133-1154. DOI: 10.1016/j.infsof.2010.05.008.
16. Hoque MR, Ali MA, Mahfuz MA. An empirical investigation on the adoption of e-commerce in Bangladesh. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems. 2015;25(1):1-24. DOI: https: 10.14329/apjis.2015.25.1.001.
17. Ibidunni AS, Ufua DE, Opute AP. Linking disruptive innovation to sustainable entrepreneurship within the context of small and medium firms: a focus on Nigeria. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 2022;14(6):1591-1607. DOI: 10.1080/20421338.2021.1975355.
18. Kapurubandara M. E-commerce adoption and appropriation by SMEs in Sri Lanka. In: Emerging markets and e-commerce in developing economies. IGI Global; 2009:105-130. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-100-1.ch005.
19. Kinkani BHL, Tumana ML, Gerendawele NH. A study on the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption among small medium enterprises in Democratic Republic of the Congo. International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research. 2024;12(2):125-148. DOI: 10.37745/ijsber.2013/vol12n2125148.
20. Kumar V, et al. Factors influencing cloud computing adoption by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems. 2017;9(3):25-48. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.09302.
21. Lertwongsatien C, Wongpinunwatana N. E-commerce adoption in Thailand: an empirical study of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Journal of Global Information Technology Management. 2003;6(3):67-83. DOI: 10.1080/1097198X.2003.10856356.
22. Levy Y, Ellis TJ. A systems approach to conduct an effective literature review in support of information systems research. Informing Science. 2006; 9:181-212. DOI: 10.28945/479.
23. Lim SC, Lim SP, Trakulmaykee N. An empirical study on factors affecting e-commerce adoption among SMEs in West Malaysia. Management Science Letters. 2018;8(5):381-392. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2018.4.008.
24. Makame WH, Kang J, Park S. Factors influencing electronic commerce adoption in developing countries: the case of Tanzania. South African Journal of Business Management. 2014;45(2):83-96. DOI: 10.4102/sajbm.v45i2.126.
25. Mbayo Kabango C, Romeo Asa A. Factors influencing e-commerce development: implications for developing countries. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development. 2015;1(1):59-66. DOI: 10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.11.2006.
26. Molla A, Licker PS. Perceived e-readiness factors in e-commerce adoption: an empirical investigation in a developing country. International Journal of Electronic Commerce. 2005;10(1):83-110. DOI: 10.1080/10864415.2005.11043963.
27. Mulibana L, Rena R. Innovation activities of informal micro-enterprises in Gauteng, South Africa: a systematic review of the literature. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 2021;13(4):425-435. DOI: 10.1080/20421338.2020.1818921.
28. Nazir MA, Roomi MA. Barriers to adopting electronic commerce for small and medium-sized enterprises in emerging economies. Emerging Markets Journal. 2020;10(2):43-55. DOI: 10.5195/emaj.2020.203
29. Nazir MA, Zhu DX. E-commerce adoption factors affecting SMEs: a case study investigation of a developing economy — Pakistan. British Academy of Management Conference Proceedings. 2018:1–26. DOI: 10.32861/jssr.spi4.147.155.
30. Mantey NO, Nkrumah RC, Traore M. Factors influencing the adoption of electronic commerce among small and medium scale enterprises in Ghana. Wisconsin Journal of Arts and Sciences. 2024;6(1):25-38.
31. Okoli C, Schabram K. A guide to conducting a systematic literature review of information systems research. Working Papers on Information Systems. 2010;10(26):1-51. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1954824.
32. Peiris PM, Kulkarni D, de Silva Mawatha CR. An empirical study of customer adoption of e-commerce: a customer trust model to support the adoption of e-commerce among small-and medium-sized enterprises in Sri-Lanka. International Journal of Business and Information. 2015;10(4):491. DOI: 10.6702/IJBI.2015.10.4.4.
33. Rahayu R, Day J. E-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing countries: evidence from Indonesia. Eurasian Business Review. 2017;7(1):25-41. DOI: 10.1007/s40821-016-0044-6.
34. Rowe F. What literature review is not: diversity, boundaries and recommendations. European Journal of Information Systems. 2014;23(3):241-255. DOI: 10.1057/ejis.2014.7.
35. Salah OH, Ayyash MM. E-commerce adoption by SMEs and its effect on marketing performance: an extension of TOE framework with AI integration, innovation culture, and customer tech-savviness. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2024;10(1):100183. DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100183.
36. Sila I. Antecedents of electronic commerce in developing economies. Journal of Global Information Management. 2019;27(1):66-92. DOI: 10.4018/jgim.2019010104.
37. Sujatha R, Karthikeyan MS. Determinants of e-commerce adoption: evidence from small and mediumsized enterprises in India. International Journal of Business and Society. 2021;22(2):574-590. DOI: 10.33736/ijbs.3740.2021.
38. Templier M, Paré G. Transparency in literature reviews: an assessment of reporting practices across review types and genres in top IS journals. European Journal of Information Systems. 2018;27(5):503-550. DOI: 10.1080/0960085x.2017.1398880.
39. Tranfield D, Denyer D, Smart P. Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management. 2003;14:207-222. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8551.00375.
40. Van Huy L, Rowe F, Truex D, Huynh MQ. An empirical study of determinants of e-commerce adoption in SMEs in Vietnam: an economy in transition. Journal of Global Information Management. 2012;20(3):23-54. DOI: 10.4018/jgim.2012070102.
41. Webster J, Watson RT. Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly. 2002;26(2): xiii-xxiii. DOI: 10.1080/12460125.2020.1798591.
42. Wilson H, Daniel E, Davies IA. The diffusion of e-commerce in UK SMEs. Journal of Marketing Management. 2008;24(5-6):489–516. DOI: 10.1362/026725708x325968.
43. World Bank Group. World Development Report 2020: Trading for development in the age of global value chains. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2020. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1457-0.
44. Yadav R, Mahara T. Factors affecting e-commerce adoption by handicraft SMEs of India. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations. 2019;17(4):44-57. DOI: 10.4018/jeco.2019100104.
2. Aikaeli J, Mbellenge CR. The causal relationship between financial development and economic performance in Tanzania. African Journal of Economic Review. 2016;4(1):170-184. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2706034.
3. Ajmal F. Factors influencing electronic commerce adoption in Malaysian small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Doctoral dissertation. Malaysia, University of Malaya; 2017.
4. Ajmal F, Yasin N. Model for electronic commerce adoption for small and medium sized enterprises. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. 2012;3(2):90-93.
5. Aker JC, Mbiti IM. Mobile phones and economic development in Africa. The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 2010;24(3):207-232. DOI: 10.1257/jep.24.3.207.
6. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology. 2006;3(2):77-101. DOI: 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
7. Chauhan S. A meta-analysis of the impact of technology on learning effectiveness of elementary students. Computers & Education. 2017;105:14-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.compedu.2016.11.005.
8. Easterby-Smith BM, Thorpe R, Lowe A. Management research: an introduction. London: Sage Publications; 2010. DOI: 10.5565/rev/qp.209.
9. Emon MMH, Nahid MH. Factors affecting sustainable e-commerce adoption: empirical evidence from Bangladeshi SMEs. Corporate Sustainable Management Journal. 2023;1(1):32-36. DOI: 10.26480/csmj.01.2023.32.36.
10. Faloye DO. The adoption of e-commerce in small businesses: empirical evidence from retail sector in Nigeria. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research. 2014;8(2):54-64.
11. Ghobakhloo M, Arias-Aranda D, Benitez-Amado J. Adoption of e-commerce applications in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems. 2011;111(8):1238-1269. DOI: 10.1108/02635571111170785.
12. Graham M, Hjorth I, Lehdonvirta V. Digital labour and development: impacts of global digital labour platforms and the gig economy on worker livelihoods. Transfer. 2017;23(2):135-162. DOI: 10.1177/1024258916687250.
13. Hajli N, Sims J, Shanmugam M. A practical model for e-commerce adoption in Iran. Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 2014;27(6):719-730. DOI: 10.1108/JEIM-09-2013-0070.
14. Hamad H, Elbeltagi I, El-Gohary H. An empirical investigation of business-to-business e-commerce adoption and its impact on SMEs competitive advantage: the case of Egyptian manufacturing SMEs. Strategic Change. 2018;27(3):209-229. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2196.
15. Hauge O, Ayala C, Conradi R. Adoption of open source software in software intensive organizations — a systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology. 2010;52(11):1133-1154. DOI: 10.1016/j.infsof.2010.05.008.
16. Hoque MR, Ali MA, Mahfuz MA. An empirical investigation on the adoption of e-commerce in Bangladesh. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems. 2015;25(1):1-24. DOI: https: 10.14329/apjis.2015.25.1.001.
17. Ibidunni AS, Ufua DE, Opute AP. Linking disruptive innovation to sustainable entrepreneurship within the context of small and medium firms: a focus on Nigeria. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 2022;14(6):1591-1607. DOI: 10.1080/20421338.2021.1975355.
18. Kapurubandara M. E-commerce adoption and appropriation by SMEs in Sri Lanka. In: Emerging markets and e-commerce in developing economies. IGI Global; 2009:105-130. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-100-1.ch005.
19. Kinkani BHL, Tumana ML, Gerendawele NH. A study on the influencing factors of e-commerce adoption among small medium enterprises in Democratic Republic of the Congo. International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research. 2024;12(2):125-148. DOI: 10.37745/ijsber.2013/vol12n2125148.
20. Kumar V, et al. Factors influencing cloud computing adoption by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems. 2017;9(3):25-48. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.09302.
21. Lertwongsatien C, Wongpinunwatana N. E-commerce adoption in Thailand: an empirical study of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Journal of Global Information Technology Management. 2003;6(3):67-83. DOI: 10.1080/1097198X.2003.10856356.
22. Levy Y, Ellis TJ. A systems approach to conduct an effective literature review in support of information systems research. Informing Science. 2006; 9:181-212. DOI: 10.28945/479.
23. Lim SC, Lim SP, Trakulmaykee N. An empirical study on factors affecting e-commerce adoption among SMEs in West Malaysia. Management Science Letters. 2018;8(5):381-392. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2018.4.008.
24. Makame WH, Kang J, Park S. Factors influencing electronic commerce adoption in developing countries: the case of Tanzania. South African Journal of Business Management. 2014;45(2):83-96. DOI: 10.4102/sajbm.v45i2.126.
25. Mbayo Kabango C, Romeo Asa A. Factors influencing e-commerce development: implications for developing countries. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development. 2015;1(1):59-66. DOI: 10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.11.2006.
26. Molla A, Licker PS. Perceived e-readiness factors in e-commerce adoption: an empirical investigation in a developing country. International Journal of Electronic Commerce. 2005;10(1):83-110. DOI: 10.1080/10864415.2005.11043963.
27. Mulibana L, Rena R. Innovation activities of informal micro-enterprises in Gauteng, South Africa: a systematic review of the literature. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 2021;13(4):425-435. DOI: 10.1080/20421338.2020.1818921.
28. Nazir MA, Roomi MA. Barriers to adopting electronic commerce for small and medium-sized enterprises in emerging economies. Emerging Markets Journal. 2020;10(2):43-55. DOI: 10.5195/emaj.2020.203
29. Nazir MA, Zhu DX. E-commerce adoption factors affecting SMEs: a case study investigation of a developing economy — Pakistan. British Academy of Management Conference Proceedings. 2018:1–26. DOI: 10.32861/jssr.spi4.147.155.
30. Mantey NO, Nkrumah RC, Traore M. Factors influencing the adoption of electronic commerce among small and medium scale enterprises in Ghana. Wisconsin Journal of Arts and Sciences. 2024;6(1):25-38.
31. Okoli C, Schabram K. A guide to conducting a systematic literature review of information systems research. Working Papers on Information Systems. 2010;10(26):1-51. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1954824.
32. Peiris PM, Kulkarni D, de Silva Mawatha CR. An empirical study of customer adoption of e-commerce: a customer trust model to support the adoption of e-commerce among small-and medium-sized enterprises in Sri-Lanka. International Journal of Business and Information. 2015;10(4):491. DOI: 10.6702/IJBI.2015.10.4.4.
33. Rahayu R, Day J. E-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing countries: evidence from Indonesia. Eurasian Business Review. 2017;7(1):25-41. DOI: 10.1007/s40821-016-0044-6.
34. Rowe F. What literature review is not: diversity, boundaries and recommendations. European Journal of Information Systems. 2014;23(3):241-255. DOI: 10.1057/ejis.2014.7.
35. Salah OH, Ayyash MM. E-commerce adoption by SMEs and its effect on marketing performance: an extension of TOE framework with AI integration, innovation culture, and customer tech-savviness. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2024;10(1):100183. DOI: 10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100183.
36. Sila I. Antecedents of electronic commerce in developing economies. Journal of Global Information Management. 2019;27(1):66-92. DOI: 10.4018/jgim.2019010104.
37. Sujatha R, Karthikeyan MS. Determinants of e-commerce adoption: evidence from small and mediumsized enterprises in India. International Journal of Business and Society. 2021;22(2):574-590. DOI: 10.33736/ijbs.3740.2021.
38. Templier M, Paré G. Transparency in literature reviews: an assessment of reporting practices across review types and genres in top IS journals. European Journal of Information Systems. 2018;27(5):503-550. DOI: 10.1080/0960085x.2017.1398880.
39. Tranfield D, Denyer D, Smart P. Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management. 2003;14:207-222. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8551.00375.
40. Van Huy L, Rowe F, Truex D, Huynh MQ. An empirical study of determinants of e-commerce adoption in SMEs in Vietnam: an economy in transition. Journal of Global Information Management. 2012;20(3):23-54. DOI: 10.4018/jgim.2012070102.
41. Webster J, Watson RT. Analyzing the past to prepare for the future: writing a literature review. MIS Quarterly. 2002;26(2): xiii-xxiii. DOI: 10.1080/12460125.2020.1798591.
42. Wilson H, Daniel E, Davies IA. The diffusion of e-commerce in UK SMEs. Journal of Marketing Management. 2008;24(5-6):489–516. DOI: 10.1362/026725708x325968.
43. World Bank Group. World Development Report 2020: Trading for development in the age of global value chains. Washington, DC: World Bank; 2020. DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1457-0.
44. Yadav R, Mahara T. Factors affecting e-commerce adoption by handicraft SMEs of India. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations. 2019;17(4):44-57. DOI: 10.4018/jeco.2019100104.
Опубликована
2026-04-27
Как цитировать
БАРЬЯЛ, Барялай.
ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ КОММЕРЦИИ В МАЛЫХ И СРЕДНИХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ РАЗВИВАЮЩИХСЯ СТРАН.
ВЕСТНИК ЧЕЛЯБИНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА, [S.l.], n. 3, p. 161-169, apr. 2026.
ISSN 2782-4829.
Доступно на: <https://journals.csu.ru/index.php/BulletinCSU/article/view/3231>. Дата доступа: 30 apr. 2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.47475/1994-2796-2026-509-3-161-169.
Раздел
Статьи
Ключевые слова
МСП
развивающиеся экономики
внедрение электронной коммерции
демографические факторы
технологические факторы
организационные факторы
экологические факторы
региональные факторы
систематический обзор
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.
